目的 探讨小儿肺热咳喘口服液联合热毒宁注射液治疗儿童毛细支气管炎的临床效果。方法 选取重庆市大足区人民医院2016年4月—2017年8月收治的毛细支气管炎患儿108例，随机分成对照组（54例）与治疗组（54例）。对照组静脉滴注热毒宁注射液，0.5 mL/（kg·d）加入生理盐水100 mL中，滴速为30～40滴/min，1次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服小儿肺热咳喘口服液，4～7岁患儿10 mL/次，4次/d，8～12岁患儿20 mL/次，3次/d。两组患儿连续治疗7 d。观察两组患者临床疗效，比较治疗前后两组患者症状体征消失时间、不同时段毛细支气管炎评分和肺功能改善情况。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的临床总有效率分别为83.33%和96.30%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组患儿喘息、肺部湿啰音、咳嗽和痰鸣音消失时间明显短于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗2、3、7 d后，治疗组毛细支气管炎严重度评分均分别显著低于相同时间的对照组患儿，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患儿潮气量（TV）、达峰时间比（TPTEF/TE）均有明显增加，呼吸频率（RR）均有明显下降，同组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组患儿肺功能指标明显优于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 小儿肺热咳喘口服液联合热毒宁注射液治疗儿童毛细支气管炎可显著促进患儿症状体征的缓解，改善患儿肺功能，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Xiao'er Feire Kechuan Oral Solution combined with Reduning Injection in treatment of bronchiolitis in children. Methods Children (108 cases) with bronchiolitis in Chongqing Dazu District People's Hospital from April 2016 to August 2017 were randomly divided into control (54 cases) and treatment (54 cases) groups. Children in the control group were iv administered with Reduning Injection, 0.5 mL/(kg·d) added into normal saline 100 mL, and the dropping speed was 30-40 drops/min, once daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Xiaoer Reke Oral Liquid on the basis of the control group, 10 mL/time for children at 4-7 years old, four times daily, 20 mL/time for children at 8-12 years old, three times daily. Children in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy were evaluated, and the improvement of the disappearance time of symptoms and signs, bronchiolitis scores and lung function in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control and treatment groups were 83.33% and 96.30%, respectively, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of wheezing, lung rales, coughing and phlegm sound in the treatment group was significantly earlier than that in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment for 2, 3, and 7 d, the bronchiolitis scores in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the TV and TPTEF/TE in two groups were significantly increased, RR was significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And the lung function indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Xiao'er Feire Kechuan Oral Solution combined with Reduning Injection can significantly improve the symptoms and signs in treatment of bronchiolitis in children, and improve lung function, which has a certain clinical application value.

西安医学院护理学省级重点学科建设项目（16hlxk19）