目的 观察辣木果实对链尿佐菌素诱导大鼠糖尿病血糖和周围神经病变的改善作用，并探讨其作用机制。方法 采用链脲佐菌素诱发糖尿病大鼠模型。将糖尿病大鼠随机分为模型组、二甲双胍组和辣木果实7.80、15.61、31.22 g/kg组，每组各10只。另取正常大鼠10只，作为对照组。模型组和对照组ig同体积的纯净水，二甲双胍组给予盐酸二甲双胍片0.2 g/kg。所有大鼠给药体积均为20 mL/kg，连续给药8周。观察药物对糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖、糖化血清蛋白、糖耐量、血中红细胞山梨醇水平、坐骨神经山梨醇水平以及坐骨神经组织形态学的影响。结果 与模型组比较，辣木果实15.61、31.22 g/kg组均能明显降低糖尿病大鼠各时间点血糖曲线下面积（P<0.01）。治疗8周后，辣木果实15.61、31.22 g/kg组红细胞山梨醇水平明显低于模型组（P<0.01）；辣木果实7.80、15.61、31.22 g/kg量组坐骨神经山梨醇水平明显低于模型组（P<0.01）。治疗8周后，辣木果实15.61、31.22 g/kg组糖化血清蛋白水平明显低于模型组（P<0.05、0.01）。辣木果实组坐骨神经病理形态学病变有不同程度减轻，其中辣木果实15.61 g/kg组基本恢复正常，神经纤维排列紧密。辣木果实31.22 g/kg组改善情况弱于辣木果实15.61 g/kg组。结论 辣木果实对糖尿病大鼠周围神经病变具有明显的改善作用，其作用机制可能与体内山梨醇代谢异常的改善有关。

Objective To observe the improvement of Moringa oleifera fruit on blood glucose and peripheral neuropathy in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin, and discuss its mechanisms. Methods Diabetic rat models were induced by streptozotocin. Diabetes rats were divided into model group, metformin group, and M. oleifera fruit (7.80, 15.61, and 31.22 g/kg) groups, and each group had 10 rats. Another 10 normal rats were taken as the control group. Rats in the model group and control group were ig administered with the same volume of pure water. Rats in the metformin group were ig administered with 0.2 g/kg Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets. All rats were ig administered with the volume of 20 mL/kg, and treated for 8 weeks. The effects of drugs on fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance, glycosylated serum protein, erythrocyte sorbitol level, sciatic nerve sorbitol level, and sciatic nerve histomorphology in diabetic rats were observed. Results Compared with the model group, blood glucose area under the curves at each time point in M. oleifera fruit 15.61 and 31.22 g/kg groups were significantly decreased in diabetic rats (P < 0.01). After 8 weeks of treatment, erythrocyte sorbitol levels in M. oleifera fruit 15.61 and 31.22 g/kg groups were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.01), and sciatic nerve sorbitol levels in M. oleifera fruit 7.80, 15.61, and 31.22 g/kg groups were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.01).After 8 weeks of treatment, glycosylated serum protein levels in M. oleifera fruit 15.61 and 31.22 g/kg groups were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.05, 0.01). Sciatic nerve pathological lesions in M. oleifera fruit groups were alleviated, and those in in M. oleifera fruit 15.61 g/kg group returned to normal, and nerve fibers were arranged closely. Improve of M. oleifera fruit 31.22 g/kg group were weaker than those in the 15.61 g/kg group. Conclusion M. oleifera fruit has obvious effect on peripheral neuropathy in diabetic rats, and the mechanism may be related to the improvement of abnormal metabolism of sorbitol in the body.

天津市中医药管理局中医中西医结合科研课题项目（13113）