目的 调查分析天津市宝坻区人民医院泌尿系感染的病原菌分布及其对抗菌药物的耐药情况，为临床合理应用抗生素提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2009—2012年1 170株尿液培养阳性病原菌的鉴定及药敏结果。结果 共分离出1 170株病原菌，其中，以大肠埃希菌检出率最高，为43.9%（514/1 170）；粪肠球菌、念珠菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌检出率分别为12.2%、9.4%、7.7%。大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、左氧氟沙星、头孢噻肟的耐药率达40%～90%；肠球菌主要对四环素、氯霉素、青霉素耐药。结论 大肠埃希菌是泌尿系感染最常见的病原菌，其次为粪肠球菌；尿路感染病原菌对常用抗菌药物耐药性较高，应加强细菌耐药性的动态监测，为临床医师合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of urinary tract infection pathogen in People's Hospital of Baodi District in Tianjin, in order to provide the reliable basis for clinical rational use of drug. Methods Identification of urine culture positive pathogen (1 170) and susceptibility results from 2009 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Results All of 1 170 bacteria were separated, and the main strain was Escherichia coli, which accounted for 43.9% (514/1 170). The detection rates of enterococcus faecalis, candida, and coagulase-negative staphylococci were 12.2%, 9.4%, and 7.7%. E. coli kept low sensibility to Ampicillin, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Levofloxacin, and Cefotaxime, and the resistance rates were 40%—90%; enterococcus faecalis was resistant to Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, and Penicillin. Conclusion E. coli is the most common pathogen of urinary tract infection, followed by enterococcus faecalis. The pathogens of urinary tract infection have high drug resistance to commonly used antimicrobials, so we should strengthen the dynamic monitoring on drug resistance of bacteria, in order to provide the scientific basis for the clinical rational usage of antimicrobial drug.