目的 通过家兔单肺通气模型，观察小剂量氨溴索经氧气驱动雾化吸入对家兔单肺通气时通气侧肺炎性反应的影响。方法 将健康家兔随机分为双肺通气组、单肺通气组、静脉注射氨溴索组、氧气驱动雾化吸入氨溴索组。双肺通气组行双肺通气2 h，其余3组行右侧肺通气2 h。静脉注射氨溴索组和氧气驱动雾化吸入氨溴索组分别在右肺通气前10 min静注氨溴索15 mg/kg或采用自制装置氧气驱动雾化吸入氨溴索7.5 mg。比较各组通气后右肺（通气）支气管肺泡灌洗液中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8、IL-10浓度的变化。结果 与单肺通气组比较，静脉注射氨溴索组组和氧气驱动雾化吸入氨溴索组右肺灌洗液TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8浓度明显降低，IL-10浓度明显升高（P＜0.01）；肺损伤评分明显降低（P＜0.01）。结论 氨溴索小剂量氧气驱动雾化吸入可有效地抑制家兔单肺通气的通气侧肺内炎性反应。

Objective To investigate the effects of oxygen atomizing inhalation low-dose ambroxol on the inflammatory response to ventilatied lung undergoing one lung ventilation (OLV) in rabbit models. Methods Healthy rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n=10), control (C), OLV, iv administered ambroxol (IA), and oxygen atomizing inhalation ambroxol (AIA) groups. Group C received the two-lung ventilation for 2 h and other groups received the right lung ventilation for 2 h ; groups IA and AIA received the iv ambroxol 15 mg/kg and oxygen atomizing inhalation ambroxol 7.5 mg for 10 min before the right-lung ventilation. Right tracheal fluid concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-10 were determined and light microscopic evaluations were performed to get the lung injury score. Results Right tracheal fluid levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 were significantly decreased while IL-10 concentration was significantly increased as compared with the group OLV (P < 0.01). Lung injury scores were significantly lower in the group C. Conclusion Oxygen atomizing inhalation low-dose ambroxol could inhibit the inflammatory response to ventilatied lung undergoing OLV in rabbits.